Civil rights advocates and lawmakers have long said that Mr. Garvey’s 1923 conviction for mail fraud was unjust, arguing that he was targeted for his work.

President Joe Biden posthumously pardoned Marcus Mosiah Garvey Jr., a civil rights leader, as part of his commitment to building a more inclusive America and correcting historical injustices.

America is a country,” Pres. Joe Biden said in a statement announcing the pardon alongside four others, “built on the promise of second chances.”